Tassel Ferns are from both Huperzia and Phlegmariurus species, a number are readily available for sale and they grow well in hanging baskets. They are naturally epiphytic and are found growing on both trees or rocks which they use as hosts.
They get their name from the long narrow tassels that hang down.
These tassels are also the spore bearing part of the plant, they do not flower and naturally reproduce from the spores.
Tassel Ferns are found mainly in rainforests and many prefer a humid situation. In cultivation they are grown in containers and they do exceptionally well in hanging baskets.
These are a very primitive fern, and have been identified as being around before flowering plants, so this puts them as 400 million years old.
The common name of Tassel fern comes from the long spore bearing tassels (foliage) that hang down below the plant itself.
These ferns are suitable for growing outdoors, most species in warmer climates only. Filtered shade is best. Tassel ferns are not really rare in cultivation, they are slow growing so larger specimens can be expensive.
Most varieties grown for commercial and home use are tropical to sub tropical species. Huperzia squarrossa is the water tassel fern, and one of the nine species found in QLD. Three other species can also be found in other areas of Australia. Other species are found through South East Asia, and as they date back to to the time of dinosaurs, truly an ancient plant
How to Grow Tassel Ferns
Huperzia are both epiphytic and hemiepiphytic depending on the species, and with over 400 species they do differ in growth habit.
The epiphytic types grow in trees and are regarded as easier to grow than the hemiepiphytic types. Hemiepiphytic species start life as an epiphytic and then send out roots to the ground.
- Best grown in medium orchid bark potting mixes with added perlite to keep the mix open is excellent for growth.
- Daily watering will be required in the warmer months.
- A more moisture retentive mix that is still open can be obtained by adding some sphagnum moss to the mix.
Sun/Shade
Tassel Ferns prefer filtered light or partial shade. Direct sunlight can scorch their delicate fronds, while low light will hinder growth. Ideal for shaded patios or bright indoor spots with indirect light.
Soil
Use a well-draining, airy potting mix. A fine orchid bark mix with added perlite is ideal. You can also blend in sphagnum moss to retain some moisture while keeping the mix light and breathable. Avoid dense, traditional potting soil, as it retains too much water.
Moisture
These ferns love moisture but dislike soggy roots. Water daily in warmer months, especially if kept in baskets or mounted. In cooler seasons, reduce watering but ensure consistent humidity.
Temperature Range
Tassel Ferns grow best in warm, humid conditions, ideally between 18°C and 28°C (65°F to 82°F). Most species are tropical or subtropical, but cooler-climate varieties like Huperzia varia can tolerate lower temperatures if kept frost-free.
Fertiliser
Use a diluted liquid seaweed or orchid fertilizer monthly during the growing season. Over-fertilizing can damage the plant, so it’s best to keep the feed light and balanced.
Growing well in warm climates, in cooler areas most species are best grown indoors where warmth and humidity can be provided.
Although they do like moisture they also like good drainage so stay away from normal potting mixes and look for a fine orchid mix. Fertilizer that seems to work well is our favourite liquid seaweed fertilizer. Huperzia varia is from tasmania and is a cooler growing species than many.
Growing Indoors
Tassel Ferns are excellent indoor plants if you can provide the right conditions.
- Place them in bright, indirect light
- Maintain high humidity with regular misting or a humidity tray
- Avoid drafts and cold temperatures
They’re perfect for adding a lush, tropical feel to bathrooms, sunrooms, or warm living spaces.
Growing in Pots & Hanging Baskets
Tassel Ferns shine when grown in hanging baskets, where their tassel-like fronds can dangle freely. Use a plastic or wire basket with a coconut liner and orchid mix for optimal drainage and air circulation.
When grown in pots:
- Choose shallow, wide containers
- Ensure they have excellent drainage
- Repot only when necessary, as these plants prefer to stay slightly root-bound
Propagation
Tassel Ferns can be propagated through:
- Aerial layering
- Stem cuttings
- Tissue culture (commercial use)
Due to their slow growth, propagation takes time, and mature plants are often more expensive.
Species include :
- H. australiana.
- H.carinata
- H. dalhousieana (The Blue Tassel Fern -Rarely available for sale)
- H. lockyeri
- H. marsupilformis
- H. phlegmaria
- H. phlegmarioides
- H. prolifera
- H. serrata
- H.squarrosa.
- H.varia
Did You Know?
The chemical Huperzine comes from tassel ferns, it is used to treat Alzheimers’s disease. As many species are threatened due to development, clearing of rainforests and changing climate, it is important to preserve all plant species for both environmental and research reasons.
Tassel Ferns are available for sale from the following nurseries and growers
470 Monbulk-Silvan Road Monbulk VIC 3793
"Guaranteed mail order flowering bulbs, perennials, roses, trees, landscaping plants, garden accessories and community fundraising Austra lia-wide."
www.gardenexpress.com.au