
With brilliant red flowers that open pointing upwards Chiranthodendron pentadactylon (syn Chiranthodendron platnoides) is commonly called the ‘Devils Hand Tree’ as well as Monkeys Hand Tree.
This is an exotic, evergreen tree that makes a striking addition to tropical and subtropical gardens. Native to Central America, this unique tree is particularly noted for its unusual hand-shaped flowers, which bloom in vibrant colours, creating an eye-catching focal point.
In this guide, we explore everything you need to know about growing and caring for Cheiranthodendron pentadactylon in your garden, from climate requirements to soil, watering, and pruning tips.
Flowering from spring through to summer with the main flush in summer it attracts birds through the nectar which collects in the base of the flowers.
Flowers are large from 10 – 14cm across. This is an evergreen tree
Although Chiranthodendron pentadactylon is originally from the warmer climates of Mexico and Guatemala is does naturally grow in cooler mountainous areas. It will grow well in cooler climates and is regarded as hardy down to much cooler climates and will cope with light frosts.
Two good examples can be found growing in the Botanical Gardens in Melbourne, one in the Eastern Lawn and another in the Vireya Bed.
How To grow Chiranthodendron pentadactylon – Basic Care
Cheiranthodendron pentadactylon thrives in warm, frost-free climates. It is best suited to climate zones where temperatures do not fall below freezing. In Australia, it is ideal for coastal and inland regions of Queensland, Northern New South Wales, and parts of Northern Territory. In the USA try USDA hardiness zones 9-11. In the UK, it can be grown in conservatories or heated greenhouses, as it is not frost-tolerant.
This tree requires a tropical or subtropical climate to perform well, meaning it enjoys warm summers, mild winters, and plenty of sunlight year-round. It can handle light frost when young but becomes more sensitive as it matures.
Growing well in full sun, in warmer dry climates it will appreciate some afternoon shade.
Soil
Chiranthodendron pentadactylon grows best in well-drained soils rich in organic matter. It prefers loamy or sandy soils with a slightly acidic to neutral pH. A good-quality, well-drained potting mix will work well for container-grown trees. If planting in the ground, ensure the soil is loose enough to allow water to drain away from the roots. The tree does not thrive in heavy, clay-based soils or in areas prone to waterlogging, so good drainage is essential to prevent root rot.
When preparing the planting site, amend the soil with compost or well-rotted manure to improve fertility and drainage. In poorer soils, consider adding a slow-release fertiliser to promote healthy root development.
Moisture through summer is important, as is a well drained soil.
Sun
For the best growth and blooming, plant Chiranthodendron pentadactylon in full sun. This tree needs at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day to flower profusely.
If planted in partial shade, it may still grow, but it is less likely to produce as many flowers.
Sunlight not only encourages more blooms but also helps maintain a strong, healthy structure. In cooler climates, providing a sunny, sheltered spot will help the tree grow more vigorously.
Watering
Chiranthodendron pentadactylon is relatively drought-tolerant once established, but regular watering is crucial, especially during the warmer months or dry periods. It prefers to have consistently moist soil but will not tolerate soggy conditions.
To prevent waterlogging, ensure that the planting area has good drainage, and avoid over-watering. Allow the soil surface to dry slightly between waterings, but never let it dry out completely, as this can cause stress to the tree.
Water the tree deeply but infrequently, aiming to mimic the natural rainy season conditions of its native environment. During dry spells, more frequent watering may be necessary to maintain healthy growth.
Fertiliser
Chiranthodendron pentadactylon benefits from regular feeding during the growing season, which usually spans from spring to autumn. Use a slow-release, balanced fertiliser to encourage steady growth. An organic fertiliser or compost works well, as it also helps improve soil structure.
Fertilise in early spring to provide nutrients for new growth, and again in mid-summer if the tree seems to be lacking vigour. Be careful not to over-fertilise, as this can lead to excessive foliage growth at the expense of flowers. If the tree is growing well, fertilise less frequently, about every 6-8 weeks.
Pruning: Light Pruning for a Neat Appearance
Pruning Chiranthodendron pentadactylon is relatively simple and mainly involves removing dead or damaged branches. Light pruning can also help shape the tree and encourage more compact growth. Since the tree blooms on older wood, it’s important to prune after flowering, usually in late spring or early summer.
If you’re growing this tree as a shrub, prune it to maintain a bushy shape. For a tree form, prune to develop a strong central leader. Be sure to remove any weak or crossing branches to improve airflow and prevent disease.
Height and Growth Rate
Chiranthodendron pentadactylon is a medium to large tree, typically growing between 6 to 10 metres (20 to 33 feet) in height, with a spread of *4 to 6 metres (13 to 20 feet). It has a rounded, dense canopy that provides good shade, making it an excellent choice for larger gardens or as a specimen tree.
The tree’s most distinctive feature is its unusual flowers, which resemble a hand with five fingers. These hand-shaped flowers bloom in a mix of vibrant colours, ranging from orange and red to yellow. The flowers appear in clusters, creating a dramatic effect, especially when the tree is in full bloom.
Propagation.
Propagation is from cuttings or from seed, however seed needs to fresh for good germination rates. Seed can be sown into trays of propagation mix and kept moist. Germination may take 12 – 16 weeks.
You will need to open the hard woody pods to get at the seeds or be patient and wait for them to open on the tree.
Some growers use a cold stratification to improve germination, immersion in hot water after cold stratification seems to assist. Abrasion of the seeds between sheets of sand paper also assists.